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Democracy is the worst form of government – except for all the others that have been tried.

Winston Leonard Spencer Churchill

House of Commons speech, 11 November 1947 · Checked on 2 March 2026
Democracy is the worst form of government – except for all the others that have been tried.

Analysis

The quotation appears verbatim in the official Hansard record of Churchill's speech to the House of Commons on 11 Nov 1947, during a debate on European reconstruction. The wording matches the popular version, confirming the attribution and date.

Background

Winston Churchill, then Prime Minister, was speaking about post‑war reconstruction and the merits of democratic government. The line has become a frequently cited defense of democracy, often paraphrased but originally delivered in that 1947 debate.

Verdict summary

Churchill did make that remark in a House of Commons speech on 11 November 1947.

Sources consulted

— Hansard, House of Commons, 11 November 1947, 'Reconstruction of Europe' speech by Winston Churchill (https://api.parliament.uk/historic-hansard/commons/1947/nov/11/reconstruction-of-europe)
— The Churchill Archives Centre, Catalogue entry for Churchill's 11 Nov 1947 speech (https://www.chu.cam.ac.uk/archives/collections/winston-churchill-papers/)
— The Churchill Society, 'Quotes by Winston Churchill' entry confirming the source (https://winstonchurchill.org/resources/quotes/)