Analysis
The WTO *does* serve as the primary multilateral platform for global trade governance, with dispute settlement mechanisms that theoretically apply to all 164 members, regardless of size. However, critics—including economists (e.g., Dani Rodrik) and developing nations—argue that **rule-making remains dominated by wealthy countries** (e.g., U.S., EU) through informal processes like 'green room' negotiations, and enforcement favors those with legal/financial resources. Okonjo-Iweala’s statement reflects the WTO’s *intended* purpose but downplays structural inequities that persist despite reforms (e.g., the stalled Doha Round).
Background
Founded in 1995, the WTO replaced GATT to create a rules-based trading system, but its consensus-based decision-making often leads to deadlock. Developing countries, while formally equal, struggle to influence agreements or challenge subsidies/protectionism by advanced economies. Okonjo-Iweala, as Director-General since 2021, has prioritized addressing these imbalances, but progress remains limited (e.g., 2022 fisheries subsidies agreement excluded key demands from African nations).
Verdict summary
Ngozi Okonjo-Iweala’s claim about the WTO’s role as the *best available forum* for inclusive trade is **largely accurate but oversimplifies its systemic flaws** in addressing power imbalances among members.