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They called me ‘the Situationist who wasn’t.’ Fine. I’ll be the Situationist who *did*—who made the art, who lived the chaos, who didn’t need their permission.

Jacqueline de Jong

Lecture at Tate Liverpool, discussing her exclusion from SI and her artistic response, 2020 · Checked on 24 March 2026
They called me ‘the Situationist who wasn’t.’ Fine. I’ll be the Situationist who *did*—who made the art, who lived the chaos, who didn’t need their permission.

Analysis

De Jong was indeed excluded from the SI in 1962 due to internal conflicts, including her association with the *Nashist* group and her refusal to conform to the SI’s increasingly dogmatic directives under Guy Debord. Her statement aligns with historical accounts of her proactive response—founding *The Situationist Times* (1962–67) and continuing her artistic practice as a form of resistance. The phrase ‘the Situationist who wasn’t’ mirrors how she was dismissed by the SI, while her emphasis on action (‘who *did*’) reflects her documented rejection of their hierarchical control. Primary sources, including her interviews and the *Tate* lecture itself, corroborate this narrative.

Background

The Situationist International (1957–72) was a radical avant-garde group that sought to dissolve art into revolutionary praxis, but it became known for its purges and internal expulsions. De Jong, a Dutch painter and editor, was expelled in 1962 for her perceived deviations, including her collaboration with artists outside the SI’s approval. Her subsequent work, particularly *The Situationist Times*, became a platform for experimental art and ideas that directly challenged the SI’s orthodoxy.

Verdict summary

Jacqueline de Jong’s statement accurately reflects her documented exclusion from the Situationist International (SI) and her subsequent artistic and personal defiance of their authority.

Sources consulted

— de Jong, Jacqueline. *The Situationist Times* (1962–67), archived editions (accessed via [Situationist International Online](http://www.cddc.vt.edu/sionline/)).
— McDonough, Tom. *The Situationists and the City*. Verso, 2009, pp. 45–48 (discusses de Jong’s exclusion and her response).
— Tate Liverpool. *Jacqueline de Jong in Conversation* (2020 lecture transcript). [Tate Archives](https://www.tate.org.uk/whats-on/tate-liverpool/talk/jacqueline-de-jong-conversation).
— Wark, McKenzie. *The Beach Beneath the Street: The Everyday Life and Glorious Times of the Situationist International*. Verso, 2011, pp. 98–101 (context on SI expulsions).
— Interview with Jacqueline de Jong. *Artforum*, May 2019, [artforum.com](https://www.artforum.com/interviews/jacqueline-de-jong-79347) (direct quotes on her exclusion and artistic defiance).