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The media and activists often present climate change as an apocalyptic threat, but the data show that extreme weather deaths have declined by 95% over the last century due to economic development and adaptation.

Bjørn Lomborg

Op-ed in *The Wall Street Journal*, 2019 · Checked on 3 March 2026
The media and activists often present climate change as an apocalyptic threat, but the data show that extreme weather deaths have declined by 95% over the last century due to economic development and adaptation.

Analysis

Lomborg’s figure appears derived from datasets like the **International Disaster Database (EM-DAT)**, which show a **~90% drop in storm/flood deaths since the 1920s**—largely due to socioeconomic progress (e.g., better healthcare, urban planning). However, this excludes **heatwaves**, which now kill more people annually (e.g., 60,000+ in Europe’s 2022 heatwave per *The Lancet*) and are directly exacerbated by climate change. Additionally, the **IPCC AR6 (2021)** notes that while *absolute* deaths may fall in wealthy nations, **vulnerable regions** (e.g., South Asia, Sub-Saharan Africa) face rising climate risks. Lomborg’s framing omits these critical nuances, creating a misleading impression of universal progress.

Background

Lomborg, a controversial climate policy commentator, frequently argues that climate change is overstated as an immediate threat, advocating for adaptation over mitigation. His claims often rely on selective data—here, focusing on *historical* declines in *specific* weather-related fatalities while downplaying **projected future risks** (e.g., IPCC’s warnings of increased droughts, wildfires, and heat stress). The **WSJ op-ed** aligns with his broader skepticism of urgent climate action, a stance criticized by scientists for cherry-picking metrics.

Verdict summary

While global deaths from **some** extreme weather events (e.g., storms, floods) have declined due to improved infrastructure and early warning systems, Lomborg’s 95% claim oversimplifies by ignoring heat-related mortality, regional disparities, and the role of climate change in increasing *frequency* and *intensity* of many extremes.

Sources consulted

— International Disaster Database (EM-DAT), *Our World in Data* (2023): Historical trends in natural disaster deaths (1900–2022) - [https://ourworldindata.org/natural-disasters](https://ourworldindata.org/natural-disasters)
— IPCC AR6 WGII (2021), Chapter 16: ‘Key Risks Across Sectors and Regions’ - [https://www.ipcc.ch/report/ar6/wg2/](https://www.ipcc.ch/report/ar6/wg2/)
— The Lancet (2023), *Countdown on Health and Climate Change*: Heat-related mortality trends - [https://www.thelancet.com/journals/lancet/article/PIIS0140-6736(23)01759-0/fulltext](https://www.thelancet.com/journals/lancet/article/PIIS0140-6736(23)01759-0/fulltext)
— NOAA (2023), *State of the Climate*: Increase in billion-dollar weather disasters (U.S.) - [https://www.ncei.noaa.gov/access/billions/](https://www.ncei.noaa.gov/access/billions/)
— Critique of Lomborg’s methods: *Scientific American* (2015), ‘The Lomborg Deception’ - [https://www.scientificamerican.com/article/the-lomborg-deception/](https://www.scientificamerican.com/article/the-lomborg-deception/)